Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)

The CES-D is a self-report measure used to assess depressive symptoms in the general population. It is widely used in epidemiological studies to screen for depression.

Overview

The CES-D is used to assess depressive symptoms in the general population.

TARGET POPULATION

Adults

NUMBER OF ITEMS

20

TIME TO COMPLETE

5-10

minutes

FORMAT

Self-report

Scoring and Interpretation

Scoring Method: Each item is scored on a 0-3 scale, with higher scores indicating greater severity of depressive symptoms.

Interpretation: Higher total scores indicate greater severity of depressive symptoms.

Psychometric Properties

Reliability: High internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.85)

Validity: Validated through numerous studies correlating CES-D scores with clinical assessments of depression.

Clinical Usage

Administration Instructions: Self-administered or administered by a clinician.

Frequency: Used at initial assessment and periodically to monitor symptoms.

Use Cases: Used in clinical and research settings to assess and monitor depression.

Research and References
Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385-401.

Related Assessments

PHQ-9,

BDI

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Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) FAQS

What is the CES-D used for?

The CES-D is used to assess depressive symptoms in the general population.

How is the CES-D scored?

Each item is scored on a 0-3 scale, with higher scores indicating greater severity.

Who uses the CES-D?

It is typically self-administered by adults.

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